Construction Practices (Tam)

1.1 INTRODUCTION TO STRUCTURES
Permanent and temporary structures – Life of structures – Sub structure -super
structure – load bearing structure – framed structure – concept of framed structure –
advantages of framed structure.
1.2 FOUNDATION
Definition – objectives of foundation – Bearing capacity of soil – Definition –
maximum/ultimate and safe bearing capacity – Bearing capacity of different types of
soils – Requirements of a good foundation – Types of foundations – – Deep foundation:
Pile, Types of piles- Causes of failure of foundation – Remedial measur

1.3 Practical Exercises
1.Prepare and develop a centre line plan, foundation Plan and set out spread footing
in the field for the given line sketch of a building
2.Prepare and develop a centre line plan, foundation Plan and set out the layout of
columns and footing in the field for the given line sketch of a building (Framed
structure).
3.Study of Safe bearing capacity of soil by standard penetration test (SPT).

UNIT-II
Theory Portion / Introduction
2.1 STONE MASONRY
Definition – Common terms used -Classification of stone masonry – Rubble masonry
– Ashlar masonry – points to be considered in the construction of stone masonry –
Tools used(Names only).
2.2 BRICK MASONRY
Definition – Common terms used -Bond – Types Header, stretcher, English bond &
Flemish bond –Features-Comparison-Points to be considered in the construction of
brick masonry – Defects in brick mas2023 REGULATION 87

2.3 Practical Exercises
4.Arrangement of bricks using English bond in one brick thick wall and half brick
thick for right angled corner .
5.Arrangement of bricks using English bond in one brick thick wall and half brick
thick for Tee junction .
6.Arrangement of bricks using English bond in one brick thick wall and Two brick
thick wall square pillars.

UNIT-III
Theory Portion / Introduction
3.1 WATER PROOFING AND DAMP PROOFING
Dampness – Causes of dampness – Effects of dampness – Dampproofing – Damp
proof courses (DPC) – Water proofing coats for sump / overhead tank wall – Methods
of grouting.
3.2 DOORS, WINDOWS AND VENTILATORS
Standard sizes of doors and windows – Location of doors and windows – Different
materials used – Doors Component parts -Types – Windows- Types -Ventilators –
Definition, purpose-Types.
3.3 BLOCK MASONRY CONSTRUCTIONS

Types of cement blocks-Consideration for use of hollow concrete blocks-
Laying of hollow blocks-Compound walls in Block work.

3.4 Practical Exercises
7. Construct concrete block masonry wall of 1m height.
8.Cutting, hooking, cranking of specimen reinforcement bar and arrangement of
reinforcement for a Lintel cum sunshade.
9.Apply two or more coats of Water proofing coats for sump / overhead tank wall on
the prepared base of a given wall surface for the area of 1m x 1m using suitable
brush/ rollers adopting safe practices.

UNIT-IV
Theory Portion / Introduction
4.1 STAIRS
Definition – Terms used – LocatiConstruction

4.2 FLOORS AND FLOORING
Floors – Definition – Types – Materials used – Selection of flooring.
4.3 ROOFS
Definition – Types of roof – Technical terms – Types of trusses.
4.4 Practical Exercises
10.Cutting, hooking, cranking of specimen reinforcement bar and arrangement of
reinforcement for a one way roof slab.
11.Cutting, hooking, cranking of specimen reinforcement bar and arrangement of
reinforcement for singly reinforced Beam.
12. Cutting, hooking, cranking of specimen reinforcement bar and arrangement of
reinforcement for a Column and footing.

UNIT-V
Theory Portion / Introduction
5.1 WEATHERING COURSE
Weathering course – Purpose –Laying Procedure.
5.2 POINTING
Objectives – Mortar for pointing – Types of pointing
5.3 PLASTERING
Definitions – Objectives – Methods of plastering-Defects in plastering.
5.4 WHITE WASHING, COLOUR WASHING, DISTEMPERING,
5.5 PAINTING & VARNISHING
White washing – preparation and application –Distempering- process and
application-Painting –preparation and application.
5.6 ANTI-TERMITE TREATMENT
Definition – objectives and uses – Methods of termite treatment.

5.7 Practical Exercises
13. Apply two or more coats of selected paint on the prepared base of a given wall
surface for the area of 1m x 1m using suitable brush/ rollers adopting safe practices.
14. Plastering with cement mortar on the prepared base of a given wall surface for
the area of 1m x 1m adopting safe practices.