Syllabus

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY – II

UNIT I: ALKALOIDS
Classification, isolation, general properties – Hofmann
Exhaustive Methylation; Structure elucidation – Conine,
piperine, nicotine.
Terpenes: Classification, Isoprene rule, isolation and
structural elucidation of Citral, alpha terpineol, Menthol,
Geranil and Camphor.

UNIT II: CARBOHYDRATES
Definition and Classification of Carbohydrates with
examples. Relative configuration of sugars. Determination of
configuration (Fischer’s Proof). Definition of enantiomers,
diastereomers, epimers and anomers with suitable examples.
Monosaccharides – configuration – D and L hexoses –
aldohexoses and ketohexoses. Glucose, Fructose – Occurrence,
Preparation, properties, reactions, structural elucidation, uses,
Interconversions of sugar series – ascending, descending, aldose
to ketose and ketose of aldose.
Disaccharides – sucrose, lactose, maltose – preparation,
properties and uses (no structural elucidation).
Polysaccharides – Source, constituents and biological
importance of homopolysccharides – starch and cellulose,
heteropolysaccharides – hyaluronic acid, heparin.

UNIT III: MOLECULAR REARRANGEMENTS
Molecular Rearrangement: Type of rearrangements,
Mechanism for Benzidine, Favorskii, Clasein, Fries, Hofmann,
Curtius, Schmidt and Beckmann, Pinacol-pinacolone
rearrangement.

UNIT IV: SPECIAL REAGENTS IN ORGANIC
SYNTHESIS
AIBN, 9BBN, BINAP/BINOL, DABCO, DCC, DIBAL,
DMAP, NBS/NCS, NMP, PCC, TBHP, TEMPO
Organometallic compounds in Organic Synthesis
Preparation, properties and applications:
Grignard Reagents, Organo Lithium Compounds, Ziegler
– Natta, Wilkinson, Metal Carbonyl, Zeiss’s Salt

UNIT V: GREEN CHEMISTRY
Principles chemistry behind each principle and
applications in chemical synthesis. Green reaction media –
green solvent, green reagents and catalysts; tools used like
microwave and ultra-sound in chemical synthesis.
Extend Professional Component (is a part of internal
component only, Not to be included in the external examination
question paper) Skills acquired from this Questions related to
the above topics, from various competitive examinations
UPSC/JAM/TNPSC others to be solved (To be discussed
during the Tutorial hours) Knowledge, Problem solving,
Analytical ability, Professional Competency, Professional
Communication and Transferable skills.