UNIT I INTRODUCTION AND APPLICATION LAYER

Data Communication – Networks – Network Types – Protocol Layering – TCP/IP Protocol suite – OSI Model – Introduction to Sockets – Application Layer protocols: HTTP – FTP – Email protocols (SMTP – POP3 – IMAP – MIME) – DNS – SNMP

 UNIT II TRANSPORT LAYER

Introduction – Transport-Layer Protocols: UDP – TCP: Connection Management – Flow control – Congestion Control – Congestion avoidance (DECbit, RED) – SCTP – Quality of Service

UNIT III NETWORK LAYER

Switching : Packet Switching – Internet protocol – IPV4 – IP Addressing – Subnetting – IPV6, ARP, RARP, ICMP, DHCP

 UNIT IV ROUTING

Routing and protocols: Unicast routing – Distance Vector Routing – RIP – Link State Routing – OSPF – Path-vector routing – BGP – Multicast Routing: DVMRP – PIM.

UNIT V DATA LINK AND PHYSICAL LAYERS

Data Link Layer – Framing – Flow control – Error control – Data-Link Layer Protocols – HDLC – PPP – Media Access Control – Ethernet Basics – CSMA/CD – Virtual LAN – Wireless LAN (802.11) – Physical Layer: Data and Signals – Performance – Transmission media- Switching – Circuit Switching.