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               GENERATION , TRANSMISSION AND  DISTRIBUTION

THEORY

UNIT I GENERATION OF ELECTRICAL POWER Period
Methods of Generation: Schematic arrangement and choice of site for Hydel,
Thermal, Nuclear power plants – Block Diagram of Diesel, Solar Thermal, Solar
Photovoltaic – Solar Cell Technologies – Wind & Pumped storage schemes.
Load Management: Grid or Inter connected system – Smart Grid – Load curve –
Demand factor – Load factor – Plant Use Factor – Diversity factor – Plant capacity
factor – Load Dispatching Centre.

12

UNIT II A.C TRANSMISSION Period
Typical Layout of A.C. Power supply scheme – Elements of a Transmission Line –
Over Head Line – Conductor materials and their properties – Line supports and their
properties – Types of supports and their applications – Sag in overhead lines –
Calculation of Sag – When the supports are at equal and unequal levels – Simple
Problems – Constants of a Transmission line – Transposition of Transmission
lines – Skin Effect – Ferranti Effect – Corona Formation – Factors affecting Corona
– Classification of O.H. Transmission lines – Voltage regulation and Transmission
Efficiency (No Problems).

12

UNIT III HVDC TRANSMISSION & FACTS Period
H.V.D.C Transmission: Layout Scheme – D.C Link configurations (Mono polar, Bipolar
and Homo polar) – HVDC Convertor Station (Schematic diagram only) –
Integration of HVDC & Renewable energy into existing AC grids – HVDC Locations in
India.
FACTS: Definition – Need for FACTS controllers – Types of FACTS controllers – SVS –
STATCOM – UPFC (Block diagram explanation only).

UNIT IV LINE INSULATORS AND UNDERGROUND CABLES

Period
Line Insulators: Properties of Insulators – Materials – Types – Causes of failure of
Insulators – Testing of Insulators – Potential Distribution over suspension Insulator
string – String Efficiency – Methods of improving string Efficiency – Problems.
Underground Cables: Construction of a three core cable – Classification of cables –
Cables for three phase service – Construction of Belted cable, Screened cable,
Pressure cables – Laying of underground cables.

12

UNIT V DISTRIBUTION Period
Distribution system – Requirements and parts of Distribution system –
Classification – Comparison of different distribution systems (A.C and D.C, Overhead
& Underground) – A.C Distribution – Types – Connection schemes of AC Distribution
system.
Sub stations – Classification of sub stations – Indoor and outdoor S.S – Gas
insulated S.S – Layout of 110/11KV Substation and 11KV/400V Distribution
Substation – Substation equipments – Bus bar – Types of bus bar arrangements.